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Gold Sponsors Katalyst Data Management, Applied Geoscience, Delft Inversion and DUG
and Silver Sponsor Qeye
The Extended Elastic Impedance (EEI) concept has been used by the oil industry primarily for lithology and fluid prediction. We present a method of reservoir monitoring that calculates changes in pressure and saturation in a producing reservoir by applying EEI to time-lapse seismic data. The method uses time-lapse seismic difference data rotated to specific EEI χ angles which are optimised for the changes expected in a given reservoir. One angle is found to be appropriate to identify predicted changes in saturation, using fluid substitution models, while the other angle is found from rock-physics assumptions or laboratory measurements of fluid-pressure changes.
Our technique is tested using time-lapse seismic data for the Enfield oil field, in the North West Shelf, Australia, with estimates of optimal EEI rotation angles χ based on log data and Biot-Gassmann modelling for the fluid changes, and on rock physics models fit to measurements made on core samples for the pressure changes. Reflectivity and inversion domains were used using various approaches to test results qualitatively and quantitively.
The final calculated pressure and saturation maps predicted areas where changes in pressure and/or saturation changes were expected. It was successfully tested with two areas of changing the pressure from the well data, showing that our quantitative results are credible. Additionally, our results coincide with the Enfield operator’s maps for pressure and saturation predictions.
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